Multiple migmatite events and cooling from granulite facies metamorphism withn the Famatina arc margin of northwest Argentina. Simple computer code for estimating cosmic-ray shielding by oddly shaped objects.
The oldest-known dated rocks are not older than 200,000 years.
The volcano's magma comes from the Hawaii hotspot, which has been responsible for the creation of the Hawaiian island chain over tens of millions of years.
Ancient Hawaiians living on the slopes of Mauna Kea relied on its extensive forests for food, and quarried the dense volcano-glacial basalts on its flanks for tool production.
When Europeans arrived in the late 18th century, settlers introduced cattle, sheep and game animals, many of which became feral and began to damage the mountain's ecological balance.
Late volcanism has also given it a much rougher appearance than its neighboring volcanoes; contributing factors include the construction of cinder cones, the decentralization of its rift zones, the glaciation on its peak, and the weathering effects of the prevailing trade winds.
Mauna Kea last erupted 6,000 to 4,000 years ago and is now considered dormant.
) is one of five volcanoes that form the Island of Hawaii in the U. It is an active shield volcano with relatively gentle slopes, with a volume estimated at approximately 18,000 cubic miles (75,000 km although its peak is about 120 feet (37 m) lower than that of its neighbor, Mauna Kea.
The largest subaerial volcano in both mass and volume, Mauna Loa has historically been considered the largest volcano on Earth.
SH&CC Caption: One of Laird Hamilton's hydrofoil boards, a Dyno kneeboard, a '70s Victoria Skimboard, a '60s "Paipo" bellyboard, a Hawaiian plywood, fiberglass and resin paipo, a balsa twinfin bellyboard, some swim fins (including 1 of Mark Cunningham's), a Mc Donald's tray, a canvas mat (good for rashes from neck to knees), an early Boogie Board, a Hawaiian bellyboard (popular with visiting tourists in the '30s, '40s & '50s), and a Peruvian Caballito de Totora. Looks like a foam/glass board and the rider is wearing a pair of Da Fins swim fins and paddling gloves. Jeff Chamberlain test riding his newest board, "Mega Platter," one of many in his paipo experimentation adventure.
Unidentified paipo surfer at Maria's Point, Rincn, Puerto Rico, March 18, 2016.
Lava eruptions from Mauna Loa are silica-poor and very fluid, and they tend to be non-explosive.